In Amerika sitzen mehr Menschen hinter Gittern als in irgendeinem anderen Land der Erde. 25 Prozent aller Gefangenen weltweit sitzen in amerikanischen Haftanstalten ein, das sind rund 1 Prozent der Gesamtbevölkerung der USA - ein Land hinter Gittern. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CHANNEL durchdringt die Gefängnismauern und liefert mit der Dokumentation “Land hinter Gittern” einzigartige Einblicke, die Aussenstehenden sonst verwehrt bleiben. Raue Sitten, Gewalt, Drogenmissbrauch, Rudelbildung und Bandenkriege bestimmen den Knastalltag in Gottes eigenem Land. Ein tagtäglicher Überlebenskampf, der die Häftlinge permanent vor neue Herausforderungen stellt, aber auch die Beamten, die mit dem Schutz der Inhaftierten beauftragt sind.

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There have been many concerns in recent years about global warming, and the potential impact that it might have each hurricane season. However, is global warming really responsible? The NGC team decide to look at all of the statistics and speak with a wide array of experts in hopes of finding out. Go inside the eye of a hurricane to see how scientists are racing to predict, and prepare, for increasingly intensifying storms.

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In the closing months of World War II, defeat was looming for the Germans. The invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944 — D-Day — opened a second Allied front, and the Allies began overtaking a host of German positions; Paris was liberated on August 25; Romania and Bulgaria surrendered in quick succession. But the Nazis did not intend to go down without a fight — and without inflicting as much damage as possible on the Allies. To do so, they employed or planned to employ an increasingly deadly array of military weapons — from ballistic missiles to rocket planes to, perhaps, the atomic bomb.

The British, American, and Russian governments were not content to sit idly by, waiting to be slammed by the advanced technology. Covert teams of commandos and agents were sent ahead of the front lines and deep into Germany, hunting for both the weapons and the scientists and engineers who’d created them. For British and American operatives, failure was not an option. If they didn’t capture the Nazi technology and scientists, agents of the burgeoning Soviet Union might — and that could spell disaster in a post-war world already feeling the chill of the impending cold war.

Allied agents focused their efforts on three key Nazi technologies:

The V-2 Rocket
Germany’s Vergeltungswaffen 2 (or “weapon of reprisal”) rocket, a successor to the earlier V-1 “buzz bomb,” was first launched successfully toward Western Europe on September 8, 1944. The behemoth, 46-foot-tall weapon — devised by scientist Wernher von Braun (see sidebar), head of the Nazi rocket program — streaked across the skies faster than the speed of sound and carried over a ton of explosives. More frightening was the weapon’s accuracy. A series of internal and external rudders and a guidance system near the nose controlled the flight of the rocket-fuel powered missile, so that it could hit a particular city from a distance of over two hundred miles. The V-2 was the world’s first ballistic missile. More than 3,000 V-2s, produced in an underground factory called the Mittelwerk, were rained onto Europe in the months before Germany’s surrender.

Hot on the trail of the V-2, von Braun, and his scientists were American and Russian agents. Each group wanted not just to stop the rain of bombs, but also to acquire the technology for themselves.

The Messerschmitt 163 Komet
This bizarre and revolutionary plane, brainchild of German aircraft designer Helmut Walter, was powered with a unique combination of fuels: T-Stoff (a mixture of 80 percent hydrogen peroxide and 20 percent water) and C-Stoff (a mixture of hydrazine hydrate, methyl alcohol, and water) that were ignited with oxygen from the plane’s exhaust. The powerful cocktail accelerated the fighter to speeds of 550 miles per hour and flung it to a maximum altitude of nearly 40,000 feet in just three and a half minutes. The tailless plane, also known as the “Flying Bomb,” had numerous drawbacks. It took off from a trolley and touched down — without landing gear — on a skid running down the center of the bottom of the plane. It could sustain only 8 minutes of powered flight.

Despite the plane’s limitations, the Allies were eager to get their hands on it. The British deployed the top secret 30/Commando/Assault Unit, or 30 AU, an elite squad of operatives drawn from the three branches of the military, the Army, Royal Navy, and Royal Air Force (and organized by Ian Fleming, who later created James Bond), who specialized in infiltrating behind the front lines, ahead of the advancing Allied forces.

The Atomic Bomb
In 1938, German physicists in Berlin were the first to discover fission, the splitting of the atom — and the basic process behind nuclear weapons. Although World War II had not yet started, the feat caused great alarm in the United States. If the Germans could split the atom, would an atomic bomb be next?

This concern ultimately led to the formation of the Manhattan Project, the United States government’s secret endeavor to build the bomb. As expected, a team of German scientists, led by physicist Werner Heisenberg, had already left the starting gates of the race toward the bomb — and they quickly began to collect and stockpile the uranium that would fuel it.

The American government, with no way of knowing how close the Germans were to success (it turns out, not very), launched a dramatic post-D-Day mission to search Germany for the bomb project, Heisenberg and his team, and the uranium. The mission, manned by a crack team of agents and led by Lieutenant Colonel Boris T. Pash, was code-named Alsos, the Greek word for “grove,” in honor of General Leslie R. Groves, the head of the Manhattan Project.

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Unravel the dark and highly dangerous world of both the Italian and American Mafia. Meet the law enforcement officers who risked everything to bring down the biggest and most profitable multinational criminal gang.

Part 4: The Godfathers
They were two very different godfathers. John Gotti was “dapper Don”, the streetwise, publicity-loving head of the Gambino family in New York. Toto Riina was the psychopathic head of the Sicilian Mafia. As revealed in this fourth and final episode of The Mafia, between them they would bring the Mafia to crisis point. Gotti blasted his way to power, brazenly murdering his rival, Paul Castellano, during the Manhattan rush hour. He defied the law to come after him.

But rising to his challenge proved tough for law enforcers as Gotti beat the rap in thee separate trials by intimidating witnesses and bribing jury members. In Sicily, Mafia don Toto Riina (’the beast’) seemed equally untouchable, particularly after dispensing with his determined opponent, magistrate Giovanni Falcone. But a revolution by the people of Palermo, Sicily, tired of Mafia bloodshed, forced the Sicilian mob to change their tactics and retreat into the shadows. Gotti’s eventual jailing has weakened the mob’s grasp, but for how long, is the question on law enforcement minds.

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Unravel the dark and highly dangerous world of both the Italian and American Mafia. Meet the law enforcement officers who risked everything to bring down the biggest and most profitable multinational criminal gang.

Part 3: The Great Betrayal
Reveals details of the vicious war between the two that emerged, unleashing a terror that drove one Godfather to break ‘omerta’, the mobsters’ sacred vow of silence. The Sicilian mafia were distributing billions of dollars worth of heroin into the US each year via Mafiosi-owned pizzerias across the country. The crime fighting authorities in the US and a virtual one man band in Palermo, Sicily, Giovanni Falcone, waged war against them. But they needed first-hand evidence, like a highly placed informer prepared to spill the beans, to make a big dent in the operation.

They struck gold with disenfranchised Godfather Tommasco Buscetta, looking for a deal to live safely in the US. But a vicious Sicilian don, nicknamed ‘The Beast’, plotted his revenge. Tommasco Buscetta would become the most senior boss to betray the Mafia, as crime authorities turned up the heat on the $26 billion heroin trade between Sicily and the US.

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Unravel the dark and highly dangerous world of both the Italian and American Mafia. Meet the law enforcement officers who risked everything to bring down the biggest and most profitable multinational criminal gang.

Part 2: Going Global
The heroin trade boosted the fortunes of the Mafia in America during the 1960s but the fortunes it brought and the divisions it caused among the Italian mobster families ultimately sowed the seeds of their own destruction. Masterminding the trade was the ruthless and greedy Carmine Galante, head of the Bonanno family and his band of Sicilian killers, assassins who operated under the radar of law enforcement.

The Sicilian Mafia were smuggling vast amounts of heroin into New York inside foodstuffs, distributed via Sicilian-owned restaurants in Brooklyn, hence it was dubbed ‘the pizza connection’. But as the reckless Galante operated without the approval of the mob’s board of directors, known as the Commission, sneered at their reticence about dealing in drugs and refused to share enough of the heroin proceeds with them, it was decided he had to go.

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Unravel the dark and highly dangerous world of both the Italian and American Mafia. Meet the law enforcement officers who risked everything to bring down the biggest and most profitable multinational criminal gang.

Part 1: Mafia What Mafia
The first of a four-part series on the American mafia reveals how the FBI ignored their existence until a meeting in a sleepy upstate New York hollow showed them something they couldn’t deny. In the 1950s, America was booming. The economy was flourishing and the population was basking in post-war prosperity. Capitalising on all this prosperity was organised crime, run by Italian mobsters known as the Mafia. Run from the top by a board of directors, it had its fingers in many pies - including the unions, gambling, prostitution, the building industry and the waterside.

The law enforcement authorities however, denied their existence, preferring to focus attention on the ‘red peril’ of communism. But a meeting in November 1957 in the sleepy town of Apalachin, upstate New York, attended by dozens of Italian businessmen in fedoras and sharp suits, aroused the suspicion of local police. When they went to investigate, the party guests tried to flee. The police had unwittingly stumbled upon the leadership of the entire American mafia, who had gathered to discuss the introduction of heroin smuggling from Sicily to the US. The crime fighters could not ignore them any longer.

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